Aldehydes and Ketones notes
OpenThe 4 formulas you need for Aldehydes and Ketones, on one page.
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Chemistry · printable
Aldehydes and Ketones: One-Page Formula Sheet
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Last updated: 26 October 2026
Formula sheet
Aldehydes and Ketones formulas
Aldehydes and Ketones — formula sheet
Formulas
- Clemmensen: C=O → CH₂ (Zn-Hg/HCl)
- Wolff–Kishner: C=O → CH₂ (N₂H₄/KOH)
- Cannizzaro: 2 HCHO → HCOO⁻ + CH₃OH
- Aldol: 2 CH₃CHO → CH₃CH(OH)CH₂CHO
Key ideas
- Aldehydes are more reactive than ketones to nucleophiles
- Aldol needs α-hydrogen; Cannizzaro needs no α-hydrogen
- Tollens' and Fehling's tests detect aldehydes
- Iodoform test detects CH₃CO– and CH₃CH(OH)–
Traps to avoid
- Applying aldol to compounds without α-H
- Forgetting acetophenone gives iodoform
- Mixing Clemmensen and Wolff–Kishner conditions
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