Match List - I with List - II. List - I (Purification technique): A. Simple distillation B. Fractional distillation C. Steam distillation D. Distillation under reduced pressure List - II (Used to separate): I. Steam volatile compound II. Two liquids with large difference in boiling points III. Liquid decomposing at its boiling point IV. Two liquids with close boiling points Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- (1) A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV
- (2) A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
- (3) A-II, B-IV, C-III, D-I
- (4) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
Show answer and solution
Answer: Option (2)
Key idea: Purification techniques in organic chemistry - matching distillation methods with their applications
- **Simple distillation (A)**: Used to separate two liquids with **large difference** in boiling points (>25°C). Match: $A \rightarrow II$
- **Fractional distillation (B)**: Used to separate two liquids with **close boiling points** using a fractionating column. Match: $B \rightarrow IV$
- **Steam distillation (C)**: Used to separate **steam volatile compounds** that are immiscible with water and heat-sensitive. Match: $C \rightarrow I$
- **Distillation under reduced pressure (D)**: Used for liquids that **decompose at their boiling point** by lowering the bp through vacuum. Match: $D \rightarrow III$
- Final matching: $A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III$ which corresponds to **option (2)**